A recent study suggests that dogs may possess the ability to detect the onset of post-traumatic stress episodes, shedding light on a potential new avenue for support in managing PTSD. PTSD, stemming from exposure to traumatic events, manifests through various symptoms including re-experiencing traumatic events, hyperarousal, avoidance, and cognitive or mood disturbances.
PTSD
The study, led by Laura Kiiroja of Dalhousie University, Canada, and published in the journal Frontiers in Allergy, revealed that certain dogs could identify these episodes through changes in human breath, in addition to behavioral and physical cues they are currently trained to respond to.
“PTSD service dogs are already trained to assist people during episodes of distress,” noted Kiiroja.
In the study, 26 individuals, 54% of whom met PTSD diagnostic criteria, acted as ‘scent donors’. They provided breath samples while wearing different facemasks, one during normal conditions and another while recalling trauma. Concurrently, 25 pet dogs were trained in scent detection, with only two— Ivy and Callie— showing aptitude and motivation to complete the study.
These dogs demonstrated a remarkable 90% accuracy in distinguishing between stressed and non-stressed breath samples from facemasks. Subsequent tests showed Ivy achieving 74% accuracy and Callie reaching 81% accuracy in detecting stress markers in breath samples.
Kiiroja remarked, “Both Ivy and Callie found this work inherently motivating…Their limitless appetite for delicious treats was also an asset.”
While previous evidence suggests dogs can sense bodily chemicals linked to stress, this study represents the first investigation into whether dogs can identify such chemicals associated with PTSD.
The researchers highlighted the potential of dogs to assist individuals with PTSD by detecting and interrupting episodes, potentially offering earlier interventions and enhancing effectiveness in managing symptoms.
